Peer-reviewed research concerning supplements, summarized and appraised in plain language with every source cited.
This study looked at how high-intensity exercise and vitamin D3 supplements affect vitamin D levels differently in trained athletes versus untrained men. It compared 22 mixed martial arts athletes and…
This study compared two forms of omega-3 supplements, structured triglycerides (STGs) and physical mixtures (PMs), to see which better boosts blood EPA levels and muscle performance. Twenty-eight healthy young men…
This study tested whether CoQ10, L-carnitine (an amino-acid-like nutrient the body uses to turn fat into energy), or both together improve semen quality in men with low sperm count, poor…
This study looked at whether vitamin D changes how well metformin (a common diabetes drug that lowers blood sugar) can bring down prolactin (a pituitary hormone that suppresses testosterone when…
This study set out to compare a micronized form of creatine monohydrate (KleanCREATINE™) with a standard creatine supplement in active men. It had two parts: first, a small test in…
This study tested whether a combination of nicotinamide (a form of vitamin B3) and pyridoxine (vitamin B6) could boost muscle stem cell activity and speed up muscle repair after intense…
This study set out to see if combining creatine (a compound stored in muscle that helps regenerate quick energy) and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB, a muscle-preserving supplement) with exercise could improve mobility…
This study set out to see if omega-3 (n-3 PUFA) supplements could boost muscle growth and strength gains from weight training in healthy young men already eating plenty of protein.…
This study set out to see whether the timing of a single dose of creatine (a well-studied supplement that helps with short, intense efforts) affects strength performance during a workout.…
This study looked at whether ashwagandha (an herbal supplement traditionally used to blunt stress) helps team-sport athletes handle the strain of pre-season training, when the stress hormone cortisol and fatigue…
This study looked at whether a short, high-dose creatine (a compound stored in muscle that helps regenerate quick energy for short, hard efforts) routine improves sleep, performance, thinking, and recovery…
This study set out to see whether ashwagandha, a herb widely sold for stress and performance, adds anything to interval training. Interval training here meant repeated hard efforts on a…