Peer-reviewed research on testicular temperature, thermal exposure, scrotal cooling, and their observed relationship with male reproductive health.
This study measured what happens to scrotal temperature during a run. Eleven trained long-distance runners ran on a treadmill for 60 minutes at 60% of their maximum aerobic capacity, in…
This study set out to find which stage of sperm production is most sensitive to mild heat. Five healthy volunteers wore a specially designed underwear that held the testicles up…
This study looked at whether plunging into cold water after weight training costs a man muscle growth or strength. Sixteen men trained three times a week for seven weeks, half…
This study asked what a mild, sustained rise in testicular temperature does to the chromosomes inside sperm. Five fertile volunteers wore specially designed underwear that held the testicles up against…
This study set out to see what sustained scrotal heating does to semen and to the sperm's genetic material in fertile men. Nineteen healthy volunteers wore a warming belt at…
This study looked at what sustained scrotal heating does to semen and to the sperm's genetic material in already fertile men. Twenty-five healthy volunteers wore a warming belt at 40…
This paper reports two separate experiments on whether cold water after strength training blunts the adaptation to it. In the first, 21 physically active men trained for 12 weeks, twice…
It has been suggested that cycling warms the testicles as a ride goes on, and that this in turn harms semen quality. This study tested the first half of that…
This study set out to measure how much using a laptop on your lap raises scrotal temperature, a known risk factor for male infertility. Researchers measured scrotal temperature in 29…