Nutrients2026n = 21 comparison-level records from 18 reports
Meta AnalysisHuman
This systematic review and meta-analysis set out to see whether vitamin D supplements raise testosterone or related markers in men. It pooled randomized trials measuring total testosterone, SHBG (sex hormone-binding…
Nutrients2026n = 34
RCTHuman
This study looked at how high-intensity exercise and vitamin D3 supplements affect vitamin D levels differently in trained athletes versus untrained men. It compared 22 mixed martial arts athletes and…
Clinical nutrition research2026n = 4,819
Cross SectionalHuman
This study looked at whether vitamin D levels are linked to metabolic health, measured by the TyG index (a score from fasting blood sugar and triglycerides that flags insulin resistance,…
Nutrients2026n = 75 enrolled, 70 completed
RCTHuman
This study looked at whether vitamin D changes how well metformin (a common diabetes drug that lowers blood sugar) can bring down prolactin (a pituitary hormone that suppresses testosterone when…
Archivos espanoles de urologia2025n = 945 subjects
Meta AnalysisHuman
This study looked at whether vitamin D3 supplementation improves hormone levels and semen quality in infertile men. It pooled data from six randomized controlled trials involving 945 men, measuring changes…
The journal of nutrition, health & aging2025n = 1,292 (53% women)
CohortHuman
This study looked at whether vitamin D levels in the blood are linked to developing sarcopenia (age-related muscle loss) in older adults. It followed 1,292 Korean adults aged 70-84 without…