Translational andrology and urology2026
Narrative ReviewHuman
This review looked at whether the underwear a man wears, tight versus loose, actually affects his fertility. The testicles work best a little cooler than the rest of the body,…
Andrology2022n = 3,041 couples
CohortHuman
This study asked whether a man's heat exposures affect how quickly his partner conceives, which is a harder and more useful question than whether they affect a semen sample. It…
Central European journal of urology2021n = 3
OtherHuman
This study tested whether a specially designed cooling garment could lower scrotal skin temperature during ordinary daily life. Three volunteer urologists wore it, with a cold pack inside that was…
Translational andrology and urology2019n = 5
OtherHuman
This study set out to find which stage of sperm production is most sensitive to mild heat. Five healthy volunteers wore a specially designed underwear that held the testicles up…
Reproductive biology2019n = 5 heated men and 27 controls
OtherHuman
This study asked what a mild, sustained rise in testicular temperature does to the chromosomes inside sperm. Five fertile volunteers wore specially designed underwear that held the testicles up against…
Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E2018
Narrative ReviewHuman
This review pulled together what is known about how everyday life affects a man's fertility, covering age, psychological stress, nutrition, physical activity, caffeine, scrotal temperature, hot water and mobile phone…
Human reproduction (Oxford, England)2018n = 656
Cross SectionalHuman
This study looked at whether the type of underwear men wear affects markers of testicular function, such as sperm count and hormone levels. Researchers surveyed 656 men seeking fertility treatment…
Human reproduction (Oxford, England)2005n = 50
RCTHuman
This study set out to see how different types of underwear and physical activity affect scrotal temperature, which in turn affects testicular temperature. Fifty healthy men with normal fertility had…
Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)2002n = 101 men
Cross SectionalHuman
This study set out to find which parts of an ordinary day actually move scrotal temperature. A thermistor (a small temperature sensor) was clipped to the underwear of 101 men…