Cross SectionalHumann = 1342026United States

Scheduling self-efficacy surpasses motivational constructs in explaining physical activity adherence in non-Hispanic Black men.

Journal: Journal of health psychologyPublished: 2026DOI: 10.1177/13591053251367861

Plain-language summary

This study set out to understand why non-Hispanic Black (NHB) men tend to be less physically active than non-Hispanic White men, despite the known health benefits of regular exercise. Researchers surveyed 134 NHB men (average age 37) about their motivation, psychological needs, and self-efficacy related to physical activity. They found that the strongest predictor of meeting exercise guidelines was not motivation or confidence in ability, but specifically the belief in one's ability to schedule and stick to a routine. This suggests that practical planning skills may be more crucial than general motivation for helping NHB men stay active.

Key findings

  • Scheduling self-efficacy was the strongest predictor of meeting physical activity guidelines (OR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.49-3.57).
  • Scheduling self-efficacy outperformed intrinsic motivation, autonomy, and competence in predicting activity levels.

How to analyze the study yourself

Study type
Cross-sectional studies are good for identifying associations at a single point in time but cannot prove cause and effect.
Population
The study focused on non-Hispanic Black men, averaging 37 years old.
Funding
Not reported
Watch for
This study found that believing you can schedule exercise time was twice as important as motivation for keeping active. If you struggle to stay consistent with workouts, focus first on planning when and where you'll exercise each week.