Cross SectionalHumann = 3242026Spain

Association between physical fitness and semen quality: a cross-sectional study in a Spanish male cohort.

Journal: Reproductive biomedicine onlinePublished: 2026DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2026.105737

Plain-language summary

This study set out to see if physical fitness is linked to semen quality in Spanish men. Researchers analyzed semen samples from 324 men without known fertility issues, comparing self-reported fitness levels (cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength) and measured handgrip strength to sperm count, concentration, and movement. They found that men who rated their cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength higher had higher sperm counts, while measured handgrip strength showed no link. The study suggests that self-reported fitness may be tied to better semen quality, but it does not prove cause and effect.

Key findings

  • Higher self-reported cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength were linked to higher sperm counts.
  • Objectively measured handgrip strength showed no association with semen quality.

How to analyze the study yourself

Study type
Cross-sectional studies are good at spotting associations at one point in time but cannot prove cause and effect.
Population
Spanish men without known reproductive disorders.
Funding
Not reported
Watch for
This study found that men who rated their fitness higher had higher sperm counts, while measured grip strength did not matter. If you are aiming to support sperm health, staying active and building strength may be worth prioritizing.